英语语法---比较级和最高级使用方法
在英语中通常见下列方法表示词:在形容词或副词前加more(如morenatural,more clearly )或加后缀-er(newer,sooner)。经典是指形容词或副词所表示质、量或关系增加。英语句子中，将比较两个主体方法叫做“比较句型”。其中，像“A比B更……”表示方法称为比较级；而“A最……”表示方法则称为最高级。组成句子方法是将形容词或副词改变成比较级或最高级形态。
一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级组成规则
1．通常单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；
（1）单音节词
tall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest
如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest
2．以不发音e结尾单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；
如：large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest
3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾辅音字母，比
较级加-er，最高级加-est；
如：big→bigger→biggest
hot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest 4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级
加-est；
如：easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest
busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest
5．其它双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；
如：beautiful→morebeautiful→most beautiful
different→more different→most different
easily→more easily→most easily
注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必需用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。 例句：TheSahara is the biggest desert in the world.
（2）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级含义，只表示"很"。Itis a most important problem.
=Itis a very important problem.
6．有少数形容词、副词比较级和最高级是不规则，必需熟记。
bad→worse→worstill→worse→worst如：good→better→bestwell→better→best
far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
二、形容词、副词比较级和最高级使用方法
1．“A+ be +形容词比较级+than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。
如：Thistree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。
注意：
即同类事物① 在含有连词than比较级中，前后比较对象必需是同一范围，
之间比较。
②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。
如：Awatermelon is much bigger than an apple.
③ very,quite 通常只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
2．“比较级+and + 比较级”或“moreand more +原级”表示“越来越……”
如：Itbecomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.
春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
Itis getting cooler and cooler.
天气越来越清凉。
Thewind became more and more heavily.
风变得越来越大。
Ourschool is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们学校变得越来越漂亮。
3．在含有or选择疑问句中，假如有二者供选择，前面形容词要用比较级
如：Whois taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?形式。
钱你赚得越多，花得越多。
Thesooner，thebetter.
越快越好。
5.表示倍数比较级使用方法：
①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.
如：Thenew building is three times the height of the old one.
这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼四倍高)
②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.
如：Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)
③.A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.
如：Ourschool is twice bigger than yours.
我们学校比你们学校大两倍。
6.形容词、副词最高级形式关键用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物比较，表示“最……”意思。
句子中有表示范围词或短语。如：ofthe three, in our class 等等。如：Heis the tallest in our class.
她在我们班里是最高。
7."否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+so… as"结构表示最高级含义。Nothingis so easy as this.
=Nothingis easier than this.
=Thisis the easiest thing.
Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class
7.修饰比较级和最高级词
1）可修饰比较级词
①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a
greatdeal, any, still, even 等。
②.还能够用表示倍数词或度量名词作修饰语。
③.以上词(除byfar)外，必需置于比较级形容词或副词前面。
注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包含在比较范围内。
(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2)下列词可修饰最高级：byfar, far, much, mostly, almost。
Thishat is nearly / almost the biggest.
注意：
a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置和much不一样。Thisis the very best.
Thisis much the best.
b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。
Africais the second largest continent. 8.要避免反复使用比较级。
(错)He is more cleverer than his brother.
(对)He is more clever than his brother.
9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(对)He is cleverer than his brother.
10.要注意对应句型，遵照前后一致标准。
Thepopulation of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easierto make a plan than to carry it out.
11.要注意冠词使用，后有名词时候，前面才有可能有名词。
比较：Whichis larger, Canada or Australia?
Whichis the larger country, Canada or Australia?
Sheis taller than her two sisters.
Sheis the taller of the two sisters.
三.经典例题
1） ---- Are you feeling ____?
----Yes，I'mfine now.
A.any well B. any better C. quite good
D. quite better
答案：B.any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well比较级为better.2）Theexperiment was____ easier than we had expected.
A. more B. much more C. much
D. more much
答案：C.much 可修饰比较级，所以B，C全部说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，所以C为正确答案。
3）Ifthere were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A.the happiest time B. a more happier time C.much happiest time D. a much happier time
比较级和最高级使用方法
1.二者相比（甲=乙），用“as+原级+as”表示Tomis as tall as Mike.
2.二者相比（甲〈乙），用“notas(so) +原级+as”或“lessthan”表示Ididn’t do my homework so(as) carefully as you.
Thepicture is less attractive than that one.
3.二者相比（甲〉乙），用“比较级+than”表示
Ourcity is more beautiful than any other city in our country.注意：1)为了避免反复，在从句中常见one,that, those 等词来替换前面提过名词。
Theweather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
Theradios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.
2)比较等级应注意避免和包含自己对象比。
比较级+than+
anyother + 单数名词
allthe other + 复数名词
anyoneelse
anyof the other + 复数名词
3）假如形容词作定语修饰一个单数可数名词，通常将不定冠词a/an放在形容词以后。
Ourneighbour has _____ ours.
A.as a big house as
B.as big a house as C. the same big houseas
词。若比较级后有名词，常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。
E.g.她是二者中较高一个
Heis the taller of the two.
她唱得真动听！我可从未听过比这愈加好嗓音了。
Howbeautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.
4.三者或三者以上相比，表示最高级时，用“the+最高级”结构表示，这种句式通常常有表示比较范围介词短语。
ZhangHua is the tallest of the three.
He works (the) hardest in his class.
That was the least exciting football game I’ve ever watched.
Thishotel is the most comfortable I’ve ever stayed.
注意：当最高级前面无限定词the或有不定冠词a/an时，仅表示“很……，很……”
Mondayis my busiest day.
星期一是我很忙一天。
Qingdaois a most (very) beautiful coastal city.
青岛是一个很漂亮海滨城市。
比较级部分其它使用方法
1倍数表示方法
a) 倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as
b) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than
Thisrope is three times longer than that one.c) 倍数+the + n. + of
2用形容词比较级否定形式，从反面来表示最高级，通常译为“没有比……
更……”
Noother book has a greater effect on my life.
没有哪一本书比这本书对我影响更大了。
=Thisbook has the greatest effect on my life.
考例：—Gofor a picnic this weekend, OK?
--_____.I love getting close to nature.
A.Icouldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not.
C.I believe not D.I don’t think so. 3 more and more 越来越… …
Ourcity is getting bigger and bigger.
Ourcity is getting more and more beautiful.
4the more … the more … 越……就越… …Themore you study, the more you know.
Thebusier the old man is, the happier he feels.
Themore intelligent students are, the more quickly they understandideas.
5可用下列词来修饰形容词比较级
much a lot slightly a little almost far a bit still